The aim of education is to prepare the children as responsible, productive and useful members of the society. We can create knowledge, skills and attitudes in the children by providing learning experiences and opportunities in school. Learners can analyze and evaluate their experiences, learn to doubt, to question, to investigate and to think independently in the classroom. The purpose of education simultaneously reflects the current needs and aspirations of the society as well as its lasting values and human ideals. It can be called contemporary and contextual articulations of broad and lasting human aspirations and values. Classroom practices can be improved through understanding of learners, educational aims, the nature of knowledge and school as a social organization. Conceptual development helps in deepening and enriching connections and acquiring new layers of meaning. Simultaneously, theories of natural and social world development help the children to understand the cause and effect relationship of the things. Cognitive development includes attitude, emotions and values which are linked to the development of language, mental representations, concepts and reasoning. Meta-cognitive capabilities among children help them to aware about their own beliefs and make them capable to regulate their own learning. The goal of education is to modify the behavior of pupils in desired direction. We assess only how well the learner has grasped the content, but how well the content, methods of instruction and instructional material used, have been effective in achieving the pre-determined objectives. As such assessment becomes an important constituent of education process. The process of evaluation uses different types of tools including achievement, aptitude and personality tests. Every teacher must be trained in test development technology and its classroom applications.